REVIEW OF NUTRITIONAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE METHANE EMISSIONS IN RUMINANTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59540/tech.vi5.102Keywords:
Enteric methane, Ruminants, Methanogenesis, Enteric fermentation, Silvopastoral systemsAbstract
The mitigation of enteric methane emissions in ruminants represents a critical challenge for the environmental and productive sustainability of livestock farming. This study aimed to review nutritional, technological, and management strategies with the potential to reduce these emissions without compromising animal performance. The research was conducted through an exhaustive bibliographic review of updated scientific literature, focusing on alternatives such as the use of bioactive compounds in forage species, dietary additives, precision technologies, and sustainable management practices. The results show that species such as Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, and Guazuma ulmifolia contain tannins and saponins that modulate ruminal fermentation and reduce methane production. Additionally, the use of probiotics, homoacetogenic bacteria, and the efficient management of agro-industrial residues emerge as promising tools. The implementation of silvopastoral systems and digital technologies helps improve productivity and reduce environmental impact. It is concluded that the adoption of integral and multidisciplinary strategies, articulated with public policies and technical training, is key to advancing toward a more resilient and climate-responsible livestock sector.
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